Morphine
Morphine. Substances such as morphine have an impact on the brain’s reward system, inducing feelings of euphoria by increasing dopamine levels. The surge of dopamine reinforces pleasurable behaviours and encourages the repetition of those behaviours, even if they are unhealthy. Over time, the brain adapts, leading to a decreased responsiveness in the reward system, known as tolerance. With repeated drug use, the initial intensity of the high diminishes, necessitating larger quantities of morphine to be consumed and leading to physical and psychological dependence. Morphine’s addictive nature stems from its binding and activation of opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, which are part of the body’s natural pain-relief system. Sudden cessation or reduction of morphine can result in severe withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, muscle pain, insomnia, nausea, and cravings, driving continued use to avoid discomfort. Feelings of relaxation, euphoria, and wellbeing elicited by morphine are highly enticing and contribute to its addictive potential. Consistent abuse of morphine often leads to the development of addiction, as prolonged use can result in the need for higher doses to achieve the desired effects. The brain and body adapt to function with morphine in the system, leading to unpleasant withdrawal symptoms and the development of both physical and psychological dependence. Morphine addiction is challenging too overcome, as individuals may find themselves trapped in a cycle of abuse to avoid the negative consequences and withdrawal symptoms. An individual addicted to morphine may compulsively seek and abuse the drug while disregarding the adverse effects. Tel: 07811 606 606 (24 hours)
Prescribed drug
Morphine, while illicitly manufactured and sold, is also a heavily regulated prescribed drug with the potential for abuse. Individuals suffering from chronic pain may misuse their medication, leading to substance misuse disorder or prescription drug dependence. Addiction to morphine can develop due to consistent abuse and a variety of reasons. Environmental factors, such as spending time around drug abusers and parental guidance, can influence the likelihood of becoming addicted to morphine. Peer pressure, especially among teens whose judgment and self-control areas of the brain are still developing, can lead to recreational drug use. Psychological factors, including using drugs to cope with emotional stress or mental health issues, can contribute to the risk of substance misuse and co-occurring disorders. Genetic predisposition plays a role in the impulse to excessively consume morphine, particularly with drugs from the opiate family that trigger the brain’s reward centre. Neuroscience has shown that individuals have varying levels of ability to control impulsive urges, and genetic predisposition can increase the likelihood of addiction problems within families. Repeated use of morphine leads to changes in the brain’s reward system, resulting in tolerance and the need for increased doses to achieve the same effect. Long-term morphine abuse affects the brain’s chemical systems, leading to physical and psychological addiction. Tel: 07811 606 606 (24 hours)
Early warning signs
When taking morphine therapeutically, users can still experience unpleasant side effects. Abuse of the drug has the potential to significantly alter physical appearance, behaviour, and emotions. Some signs of morphine abuse are noticeable, while others may be concealed or develop gradually. Addiction tends to worsen over time, but early identification and treatment can help prevent severe consequences. Recognising the early warning signs of morphine abuse is crucial for effective intervention. Physical symptoms of morphine abuse may include fatigue, drowsiness, slurred speech, inattention, hallucinations, dizziness, itchy skin, and nausea. Behavioural symptoms of morphine abuse may involve changes in social circles, avoidance of loved ones, repeated lying, poor performance at work or school, mood swings, decreased participation in activities, self-isolation, secretive behaviour, and neglect of responsibilities. Using morphine without a prescription is considered abuse, as it involves using the drug in a dangerous manner, potentially without realising the risks. Long-term abuse of controlled drugs like morphine can be equally harmful to health, despite being perceived as less severe than addiction. The term addiction encompasses both physical and psychological dependence on morphine. Inability to refrain from using morphine is a primary symptom of addiction, and withdrawal can be intense and unpleasant. Overcoming morphine addiction may require a medically-monitored detox and treatment program within a residential rehabilitation or inpatient setting. Tel: 07811 606 606 (24 hours)